An integrative framework for building organizational resilience through environmental scanning: a view of organizational information processing theory: MRN

PurposeThis study aims to investigate the impact of environmental scanning on organizational resilience through the mediation of organizational learning and innovation based on organizational information processing theory (OIPT) within Egyptian small and medium enterprises (SMEs) during the COVID-19 pandemic.Design/methodology/approachThis study adopted a cross-sectional design to collect the data used to carry out mediation analysis. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data from a sample consisting of 249 Egyptian SMEs. The smart partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) technique was adopted to test the hypotheses.FindingsEnvironmental scanning does not have a direct effect on organizational resilience. However, organizational learning and innovation fully mediate the relationship between environmental scanning and organizational resilience.Research limitations/implicationsThe sample size was small, covering only Egyptian manufacturing SMEs. The results may differ in the service sector and other countries. The study was cross-sectional which is limited to tracing the long-term effects of environmental scanning, organizational learning and innovation on organizational resilience. Accordingly, a longitudinal study may be undertaken.Practical implicationsManagers in Egyptian SMEs should use signals from environmental scanning activities as input for learning and transforming business processes through innovation to develop organizational resilience.Originality/valueThis study is the first to investigate the role of environmental scanning in building organizational resilience through organizational learning and innovation based on the perspective of OIPT within Egyptian SMEs during the COVID-19 crisis.

Predictors of non-invasive ventilation failure in adult patients with cardiac dysfunction presenting with community-acquired pneumonia: an Egyptian multicenter prospective study

Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) might be successful if carefully selected in adult patients with cardiac dysfunction presenting with community-acquired pneumonia. The main objective of this study was to identify the early predictors of NIV failure. Adult patients with left ventricle ejection fraction (LV EF) <50% admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) with community-acquired pneumonia and acute respiratory failure were enrolled in this multicenter prospective study after obtaining informed consents (study registrationID: ISRCTN14641518). Non-invasive ventilation failure was defined as the requirement of intubation after initiation of NIV. All patients were assessed using the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) and sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) scores at admission, while their Heart rate Acidosis Consciousness Oxygenation and Respiratory rate (HACOR) and lung ultrasound (LUS) scores in addition to blood lactate were assessed at NIV initiation and 12 and 24 hours later. A total of 177 patients were prospectively enrolled from February 2019 to July 2020. Of them, 53 (29.9%) had failed NIV. The mean age of the study cohort was 64.1+or- 12.6 years, with a male predominance (73.4%) and a mean LV EF of 36.4 +or- 7.8%. Almost 55.9% of the studied patients had diabetes mellitus, 45.8% had chronic systemic hypertension, 73.4% had ischemic heart disease, 20.3% had chronic kidney disease, and 9.6% had liver cirrhosis. No significant differences were observed between the NIV success and NIV failure groups regarding underlying morbidities or inflammatory markers. Patients who failed NIV were significantly older and had higher mean SOFA and APACHE II scores than those with successful NIV. We also found that NIV failure was associated with longer ICU stay (p < 0.001), higher SOFA scores at 48 hours (p < 0.001) and higher mortality (p < 0.001) compared with the NIV success group. In addition, SOFA (Odds Ratio (OR): 4.52, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 2.59-7.88, p < 0.001), HACOR (OR: 2.01, 95% CI: 0.97-4.18, p = 0.036) and LUS (OR: 1.33, 95% CI: 1.014-1.106, p = 0.027) scores and blood lactate levels (OR: 9.35, 95% CI: 5.32-43.26, p < 0.001) were independent factors for NIV failure. High initial HACOR and SOFA scores, persistent hyperlactatemia and non-decrementing LUS score were associated with early NIV failure in patients with cardiac dysfunction presenting with community-acquired pneumonia, and could be used as clinical and paraclinical variables for early decision making regarding invasive ventilation.

The Impact of Sputnik SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines on Antibody Response in the Egyptian Population

BACKGROUND: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-2019) causes the severe contagious acute respiratory syndrome. Therefore, massive vaccination campaign is mandatory to control the spread. Sputnik COVID-19 vaccines induce immunity through different mechanisms involving antibody response that bind to the spike protein to neutralize the viral entry into the cells. AIM: This study aims to compare the titers of specific antibodies in the pre-and post-vaccination sera in the vaccinated Egyptian population to evaluate the efficacy of the sputnik vaccine. METHOD(S): Samples were collected from 205 adult volunteers receiving the Sputnik vaccine in the Reference Laboratory of Egyptian University Hospitals. Samples were collected before vaccination and within 1, 2, or 3 months after receiving two doses of Sputnik SARS-CoV-2 vaccines from August to October 2021, serum samples collected were tested by quantitative chemiluminescent immunoassay using (Mindray CL-960i chemiluminescence analyzer, India) at the Reference laboratory of Egyptian University Hospitals for neutralizing antibodies, anti-spike antibodies, and total antibody levels before and after vaccination. RESULT(S): The results of the 205 paired samples illustrated that there was a statistically significant difference between pre-and post-vaccination antibody levels with a p-value of (< 0.001) indicating that the vaccine produced significantly high levels of antibodies. CONCLUSION(S): COVID-19 Sputnik vaccines induce immunity through an antibody response that binds to the virus to neutralize its entry into cells. Our study showed a significant increase in the measured post-vaccination levels of the three antibodies among the enrolled volunteers compared to the basal pre-vaccination level and thus sputnik vaccine protects against SARS-CoV-2 infections.Copyright © 2023 Ghada Ismail, Dalia Abdelhamid, Marwa Salah Mostafa, Noha Alaa Eldin Fahim, Ahmed Elshafei, Hossam Abdelghaffar, Nashwa Naguib, Omnia Taher, Menna Asker.

17th Annual Sickle Cell and Thalassaemia Conference

The proceedings contain 115 papers. The topics discussed include: clinical and genetic predictors of sickle cell nephropathy in Malawi;clinicohematological characteristics of iron deficiency anemia and hemoglobinopathies in Pakistan;an experience of non-hospital based laboratory;assessment of hematological parameters of petrol filling workers at petrol stations in Ethiopia: a comparative cross-sectional study;burden and risk factor to acute myocardial ischemia in children with sickle cell anemia;dyslipidemia in transfusion-dependent-thalassemia patients and its correlation with serum vitamin D level;impact of COVID-19 pandemic to pre-transfusion hemoglobin level and frequency of transfusion in transfusion-dependent thalassemia patients in Indonesia;retinopathy in Egyptian patients with sickle cell disease;and dietary pattern, socio-demographic characteristics and nutritional status of pregnant women attending Barau Dikko teaching hospital and the need to develop recommended dietary allowance and dietary reference intakes for sickle cell disease patients.

COVID-19 Severity Shifts the Cytokine Milieu Toward a Proinflammatory State in Egyptian Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Despite extensive research to decipher the immunological basis of coronavirus disease (COVID-19), limited evidence on immunological correlates of COVID-19 severity from MENA region and Egypt was reported. In a single-center cross-sectional study, we have analyzed 25 cytokines that are related to immunopathologic lung injury, cytokine storm, and coagulopathy in plasma samples from 78 hospitalized Egyptian COVID-19 patients in Tanta University Quarantine Hospital and 21 healthy control volunteers between April 2020 and September 2020. The enrolled patients were divided into 4 categories based on disease severity, namely mild, moderate, severe, and critically ill. Interestingly, interleukin (IL)-1-α, IL-2Rα, IL-6, IL-8, IL-18, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), FGF1, CCL2, and CXC10 levels were significantly altered in severe and/or critically ill patients. Moreover, principal component analysis (PCA) demonstrated that severe and critically ill COVID-19 patients cluster based on specific cytokine signatures that distinguish them from mild and moderate COVID-19 patients. Specifically, levels of IL-2Rα, IL-6, IL-10, IL-18, TNF-α, FGF1, and CXCL10 largely contribute to the observed differences between early and late stages of COVID-19 disease. Our PCA showed that the described immunological markers positively correlate with high D-dimer and C-reactive protein levels and inversely correlate with lymphocyte counts in severe and critically ill patients. These data suggest a disordered immune regulation, particularly in severe and critically ill Egyptian COVID-19 patients, manifested as overactivated innate immune and dysregulated T-helper1 responses. Additionally, our study emphasizes the importance of cytokine profiling to identify potentially predictive immunological signatures of COVID-19 disease severity.

Attitudes of Egyptian and Saudi University Youth towards the Effectiveness of Media Campaigns on Social Networking Sites in Raising Awareness of the Coronavirus. (Comparative Study)

The research aims to identify the rate of exposure of Egyptian and Saudi university youth to media campaigns on social media sites to raise awareness of the Coronavirus and to monitor the trend of young people towards the information provided about the Coronavirus. The research used the survey method in its field apartment on a sample of Egyptian and Saudi university youth, as well as the comparative approach to identify the similarities and differences in the study sample. The most important results: The (We Are All Responsible) campaign ranked first in terms of media campaigns preferred by Saudi university youth with a relative importance of (97.5%), while the "Protect Yourself, Protect Your Nation” campaign ranked first in terms of media campaigns preferred by Egyptian university youth with relative importance. The amount of (91.83%) and the Egyptian and Saudi university youth agreed to choose because it provides information about the Coronavirus and how to prevent it in the first place with a relative importance of (95.17%) in the motives for following up on media campaigns, and there are no differences between the sample members at the three socio-economic levels on a scale The trend towards the effectiveness of campaigns in raising awareness of the Coronavirus as a total degree, where the value of (t) was not significant at the 0.05. level. © 2023 DSR Publishers/ The University of Jordan.

Post-COVID anxiety and its associated factors in Egyptian patients

Context Anxiety is one of the mood changes that occur postcoronavirus disease-2019 (post-COVID-19) and interfere with patients' daily activity. After supposed clinical and radiological improvement to COVID-19, some still experience somatic complaints such as sensation of dyspnea. Aims Evaluating the relation between COVID-19 survivors and anxiety and to what extent this could affect their functional status. Settings and design Ain Shams University Hospital, survey study. Patients and methods The survey included 120 patients post-COVID-19 one month or more and free symptoms attending Ain Shams University Hospitals Chest Outpatient Clinic for follow-up, 45% of them were in the age group 35-55 years, 56.7% were females, 78.3% had high education, and 27.5% were smokers. All included study participants were subjected to computed tomography of chest, oxygen saturation, State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) Arabic version, and Modified Medical Research Council (MMRC) Dyspnea Scale. chi 2 -test (or Fisher's exact test) was used to compare data between different groups. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the correlation between the features of individuals and their degree of anxiety. Results The most annoying COVID-19 symptoms as reported by this study participants were body pains (32.5%). About 61.7% of participants had high-state anxiety and 51.7% had high-trait anxiety. The age group 20-34 years was significantly associated with higher frequency of moderate or high-state anxiety (P0.05), male sex was significantly associated with lower frequency of moderate or high-state anxiety compared with females (P0.05). Conclusions Age and sex were important association factors with the prevalence of anxiety in post-COVID-19 patients. Higher grades of dyspnea were associated with higher probability of development of moderate or severe post-COVID anxiety.Copyright © 2023 Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications. All rights reserved.

CNS Complications Following COVID-19 Vaccines: an Egyptian Case Series

Background: Despite the perceived safety and efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines, many reports worldwide highlighted the development of many complications involving CNS. Ischemia, new onset demyelination, and exacerbation of preexisting demyelinating conditions were among the most reported ones. The aim of this study is to report a series of Egyptian patients who developed either first episode of CNS ischemia, demyelination, or exacerbation of a preexisting demyelinating condition after receiving one of the approved COVID-19 vaccines. Material(s) and Method(s): Prospective collection of cases presenting with different CNS complications in temporal association with receiving one of the approved COVID vaccines in the period between December 2021 and March 2022. All patients presented for consultation at Alexandria University Neuroimmunology unit. Result(s): We identified 8 cases with post- vaccine CNS complications. There were 5 females and 3 males, and their ages ranged from 24-60 years. Their symptoms developed after an interval ranging from 3 days up to 4 weeks after the first (n= 3) or second dose of vaccine (n=5). All except one patient were diagnosed as either new onset MS or exacerbation of a preexisting MS. The last case was diagnosed as spinal cord infarction. Conclusion(s): This series adds to the growing literature of the possible association between COVID-19 vaccines and development/ exacerbation of CNS demyelination or ischemia. More data with long-term follow up is needed to establish or refute the causal relationship but meanwhile counseling patients without discouraging vaccination is advised.Copyright © 2022

Practical approach to COVID-19: an Egyptian pediatric consensus

BackgroundOutbreak of a novel corona virus was reported in China on December 2019. Sooner, a global spread was reported and WHO announced a public health emergency of international concern and then declared it as a pandemic. Egypt announced the first case on February 14, 2020, and since that time, cases are increasing.Main bodyThere is increasing need to simplify the practical approach for pediatricians and other health care workers in a step wise manner;how to deal with COVID-19 cases, how to care for the newborn babies as regards to breastfeeding, and how to ensure safety of health care workers assess their risk of infection and management accordingly. A national practical approach guideline was prepared including case definition, diagnosis, and management of pediatric COVID-19 suspected and confirmed cases in an algorithmic pattern.ConclusionUp to the current knowledge, this is a simple and practical guidance for clinical management of children during the current pandemic.

Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices Regarding Preventive Measures of COVID-19 Pandemic during Ramadan 2020 and Quarantine in Some Egyptian Governorates

BACKGROUND: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global crisis. The month of Ramadan has coincided with the COVID-19 crisis in 2020. AIM: The aim of this study is to investigate knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) toward the preventive measures during Ramadan 2020 and quarantine, among the Egyptian population. METHOD(S): This cross-sectional study is conducted among Egyptians >=15 years of age. A convenience sample of 1150 responders is taken, over the period of the month of Ramadan 2020. An online self-administrated questionnaire is used and shared through social networks. KAP toward preventive measures for COVID-19 during Ramadan are assessed. RESULT(S): Results show that mean scores of KAP are higher among participants >20 years, mean +/- SD (3 +/- 1.1, 5.6 +/- 1.4, and 11.2 +/- 2.6, respectively). A significant difference is found between KAP scores and age with p-values (0.012, 0.002, and 0.000, respectively). Furthermore, there is a significant difference between practices score and gender (p = 0.010). Greater Cairo has the highest KAP mean scores, in comparison with other regions, mean +/- SD (3.3 +/- 1, 5.8 +/- 1.2, and 11.6 +/- 2.5, respectively). A significant difference is recorded between urban and rural areas, regarding KAP with p-value (0.000, 0.050, and 0.000, respectively). CONCLUSION(S): In conclusion, low KAP scores are recorded among participants below the age of 20, and in rural areas and regions outside Greater Cairo. Low practices are associated more with males than females. The present study recommends raising awareness through the use of mass media, and health education programs that are to be directed to male members of the population, people under 20 years old, and to people residing in rural areas and in regions outside Greater Cairo, such as Upper and Lower Egypt, and border regions.Copyright © 2022 Suzan Hagag, Amira B. Kassem, Noha A El-Bassiouny, Sherouk M Okda, Mohammed Mustafa Abdel Razik Mohammed.

Egyptian crises and destination brand image: the resurrection of the mummy

Previous research has shown that a country's perceived image during and after the crisis affects tourism, yet the impact of communications on the holistic destination brand image in a sustained crisis remains limited. Based on a case study of Egypt of the Arab spring and the Covid-19 pandemic, this study investigates the effectiveness of strategies to alter one destination's image. Due to the recurring recoveries in Egyptian tourism, we believe that strengthening the resilience of the destination brand image during a prolonged crisis can offer valuable insights to practitioners and academics. The researchers conducted a media content analysis and a sentiment analysis of 3662 online and social media publications to gauge the alignment between Egypt's projected and perceived destination brand image. While the tourism literature has primarily focused on crisis communication and strategies to alter a negative destination brand image, few studies have examined strategies that focus on building an enduring, resilient destination brand. This study offers a normative and exploratory model of Adaptable Destination Strategies during crises (ADS). The ADS model contributes to existing literature and destination management organizations by suggesting an integrated strategy toolkit for extended destination brand image governance grounded in diversification, collaboration, communication, and consistency. © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

Exploring News Innovations, Journalistic Routines, and Role Perceptions during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Case Study of Egyptian Journalists

Drawing on in-depth interviews with 21 Egyptian journalists, this study offers a comprehensive understanding of how the COVID-19 pandemic has reconfigured news work and journalistic routines in Egyptian newsrooms. In so doing, the paper examines the various technical and logistical challenges encountered by Egyptian journalists as well as their changing role perceptions during the emergency health crisis. It further investigates the innovative practices adopted by newsrooms, on both the news content and newsroom levels, to overcome those challenges in terms of sourcing norms, news production routines, and storytelling formats. Findings demonstrate that Egyptian journalists struggled at the beginning of the pandemic, but started to find creative solutions to overcome the many practical and infrastructural challenges. The pandemic accelerated the digitization of editorial news production systems and the unprecedented adoption of news automation and artificial intelligence technologies. More dependence on interactive digital storytelling formats and data visualization tools was reported. Journalistic innovation occurred therefore as recombination of already existing products or services, but not new inventions. In terms of role perception, there was a shift to a more facilitative role, in which science and more quantitatively oriented forms of journalism play a central role. [ FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Journalism Studies is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)

Major determinant factors of pediatric COVID-19 severity, a single center study

BackgroundAccording to several recently published studies, pediatric Corona virus infection is mostly mild. However, a severe COVID-19 illness could occur in children, resulting in grave outcomes. Unfortunately, the data regarding the major determinants of disease progression in the pediatric population is still limited. Here, we aimed to identify the most significant risk factors associated with severe COVID-19 infection in children to predict the patients at elevated risk for serious illness.ResultsThis single-center, retrospective study enrolled eighty hospitalized children and adolescents under the age of 18 years with coronavirus type 2 infections, who were divided according to the level of clinical severity into severe and non-severe groups. Epidemiological data, clinical features, radiological findings, laboratory test results, and disease outcomes of the studied patients were collected and analyzed to demonstrate their relation to disease severity. Patients with severe illness tend to have more respiratory symptoms (97.8% vs. 79.4%, p = 0.007), cardiac affection (23 (50.0%) vs. 5 (14.7%), p = 0.001, and neurological involvement (13 (28.1%) vs. 1 (2.9%), p = 0.003). Furthermore, abnormal radiological findings and higher radiological scores were significantly more common among patients with severe disease compared to non-severe cases (p = 0.037, 0.013). In multivariable analysis, clinical scoring, abnormal coagulation function, and ICU admission were the most significant parameters for forecasting severe illness.ConclusionsWe identified the most remarkable parameters involved in the progression of severe disease in Egyptian children with COVID-19 infection, which may be implemented in anticipation of susceptible children for earlier prompt management and a better prognosis.

JOURNALISTIC CENSORSHIP DURING COVID-19 BY USING THE EGYPTIAN COMMUNICABLE DISEASES LAW

This study investigated the effectiveness of the Egyptian Law on Communicable Diseases No. Law 152 of 2021, which sought to regulate procedures and measures necessary to fight the spread of epidemics and pandemics, as well as its implications for journalistic practice and press freedom in Egypt. The study was underpinned by the "Theory of State Censorship”. The study used in-depth interviews, which were done with 30 Egyptian journalists. The finding of the study indicated that the government placed restrictions on journalists by using Law 152 of 2021 to control the news relating to pandemics. The reason was to allow the government to exercise greater information control through digital policy. © 2022 Associacao Brasileira de Pesquisadores de Jornalismo. All rights reserved.

Impact of Obesity and Its Associated Comorbid Conditions on COVID-19 Presentation.

BACKGROUND: There is great variability in clinical presentation of COVID-19 worldwide. The current study evaluated the impact of obesity and its related complications on the course of COVID-19 in Egyptian patients. METHODS: We included 230 COVID-19 Egyptian patients from Tanta City. According to their body-mass index (BMI), patient were divided into three groups: normal weight (BMI <25 kg/m2), overweight (BMI >25-<30 kg/m2), and obese (BMI ≥30 kg/m2). Patients' glycemic status, lipid profile, and serum levels of acute-phase reactants were assessed. The number of patients receiving intensive care and the number of deaths in each group were counted. RESULTS: Mean values of random blood sugar, serum cholesterol, triglycerides, serum ferritin, erythrocyte-sedimentation rate, LDH, CRP, D-dimer levels, and blood pressure were significantly higher in obese patients (165.6, 129.5, 105, 1,873, 26, 403, 56.45, 977.16 and 142/87, respectively) than in normal-weight (97.2, 103.5, 70.4, 479, 17.4, 252, 23.2, 612.4, and 118.6/76.8, respectively) and overweight patients (111.4, 106.3, 78.13, 491.3, 19.8, 269.27, 25.42, 618.4, and 120.3/79.3, respectively). Lymphopenia was also significantly predominant in the obese group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that elevated serum triglycerides, total cholesterol, low density-lipoprotein cholesterol, blood pressure, ferritin, CRP, and low relative lymphocyte count were significant risk factors in obese COVID-19 patients. CONCLUSION: Obesity and its related complications increase the risk of presenting a more severe form of COVID-19 in Egyptian patients.

Nail ridging in rheumatoid arthritis patients and relation to disease activity: An integrated rheumatology-dermatology multi-centre study

Aim of the work: To evaluate the frequency of nail ridging (NR) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and to study its relation to disease activity. Patients and methods: 230 RA patients and 97 matched controls from Helwan, Ain Shams and Mansoura university hospitals were studied. Disease activity score (DAS28) was assessed. NR has been searched for in all patients. The number of affected fingers was recorded. NR was determined by a magnifying lens, seen by naked eye or seen and felt. Dermoscopic photography of the NR using Dermalite DL4 3Gen dermatoscope has been recorded. Results: The median age of patients was 49 years (42–58 years);they were 221 females and 19 males (F:M 11.1:1) with a disease duration 9 years (5–11 years). Their DAS28 was 3.6 (2.9–4.6). NR was significantly increased in RA cases vs. control;73% vs 20%;p < 0.001. In patients, NR was detected by a magnifying lens in 32.6%, seen in 27% and seen and felt in 13.5%. Joint deformities were significantly higher in those with NR. DAS28 was a significant independent predictor of NR;for every one-point increase in DAS28, there was a 153 times higher odds to exhibit NR at a sensitivity of 93.5%, specificity 80.3% and at a diagnostic accuracy of 90%. Conclusion: NR is a frequent finding in RA. An integrated rheumatological- dermatological clinical evaluation may be helpful and further studies are required to prove the importance of this sign for follow up of RA patients.

Covid 19 Vaccine And Menstrual Symptoms In Egyptian Adolescent Female Cross Sectional Study

Objectives The study's goal is to look into the effect of COVID-19 vaccines on adolescent female menstrual cycles. Methods From October 2021 to May 2022, a cross-sectional online self-administered survey was used for the study. Adolescent females above the menarche who had received the vaccine, were single, and without a previous history of primary ovarian insufficiency were the target population (language secondary school and first year student at faculty of physical therapy Kafrelsheikh university). Regional distribution of the survey was done through social media. Results a total of (270) female with mean age ranged from 16 to 18 years, with a mean of (16.98+/- 1.796). Overall, 66.6% of female didn't feel any changes in the period after vaccination, (10.7%) had Menstrual Cramps, (9.6%) irregular menstruation, (5.9%) increase the duration of the menstruation, (7.8%) Increased amount/abundance of bleeding, (4%) Increased period frequency and (5.19%) Worsening of premenstrual symptoms, (1.4%) intermenstrual bleeding, (37%) post menstrual bleeding. there was a significant relationship between duration of menstrual cycle in days and covid -19 vaccination p = 0.014, symptoms appearance in relation to dose p =.001, severity of vaccine side effect p=.023. Conclusion The study described a bearable link between the COVID-19 vaccine and the menstrual irregularities that have negatively impacted the women's quality of life. Copyright © 2023 Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications. All rights reserved.

COVID-19 vaccines-related adverse events and associated factors reported among adult Egyptians

COVID-19 vaccine recipients are more likely to experience post-vaccination adverse events, which are considered the source of concerns about vaccine safety. This study aims to describe the utilization of COVID-19 vaccines and the associated adverse events and their possible predictors among adult Egyptians. An online cross-sectional study was designed to collect data through a Google Form questionnaire in November 2021. Adults who received at least one dose of the COVID-19 vaccine were asked to report their experience with vaccination and associated adverse events. A total of 853 participants were included in the study after receiving Sinopharm/Sinovac (63%), AstraZeneca (27%), Pfizer-BioNTech (4.8%), and other vaccines (5.2%). Around 50% of participants thought that COVID-19 vaccines were safe, 30.8% advised others with vaccination, and 68.3% reported post-vaccination adverse events. The most commonly encountered adverse symptoms were injection site pain (82.5%), fatigue (67.4%), flu-like symptoms (59.6%), and bone and muscle pains (59.6%). Most adverse events were less likely reported by Sinopharm/Sinovac recipients than recipients of other vaccines. The significant predictors for reporting adverse events were female gender, the first dose of vaccination, and vaccine type (AstraZeneca versus Sinopharm/Sinovac) with multivariable-adjusted OR (95% CI) = 1.85 (1.34-2.54);2.01 (1.24–3.25), and 3.86 (2.54–5.86). Findings revealed that adverse events of COVID-19 vaccines are common. Sinopharm/Sinovac recipients were reported to have lesser adverse events than other recipients. However, serious reactions were rare which ensures the safety of all vaccine types among the adult Egyptian population. © 2023, Mahidol University - ASEAN Institute for Health Development. All rights reserved.

THE IMPACT OF COVID-19 SPREAD ON EGYPTIAN STOCK MARKET RETURN

The COVID-19 outbreak is considered as one of the most severe infectious viruses experienced by the world during the 21st century. This pandemic has economic, social, and psychological consequences on all countries, so the main purpose of this paper is to determine the impact of COVID-19 on the Egyptian stock return specifically as Egypt has been one of the countries that were strongly affected. The impact of COVID-19 on the Egyptian Stock Exchange (EGX100) was investigated using a multiple regression model and historical data from 20 listed firms in the EGX100 index between February 2020 and March 2022. Additionally, we included inflation as a control variable in our model. The results indicated that COVID-19 significantly impacted the stock's cumulative returns when used as an independent variable and measured using the cumulative coronavirus cases (CCC) and cumulative coronavirus deaths (CCD) collected for the time period of February 2020 through March 2022 from the World Health Organization (WHO) database. The findings also showed a negative correlation between these elements and the cumulative returns of the stock. Furthermore, The outcome of our model also showed that there was no significant relationship between inflation as measured by headline CPI and the stock's cumulative returns. © 2022 The Authors.

Astrazeneca and Sinopharm Vaccines Adverse Effects at First and Second Doses. Cross Sectional Study Egyptian Experience

Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a novel coronavirus that causes severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). It was discovered in December 2019 in Wuhan, China., which subsequently led to a nationwide outbreak. The World Health Organization included the AstraZeneca and Sinopharm vaccines for the WHO Emergency Use List on February 16 and May 7, 2021, respectively. Egyptians have gotten 2,623,200 doses of AstraZeneca's COVID-19 vaccination plus 500,000 doses of Sinopharm vaccine. The trial would test the vaccinations' short-term side effects on Egyptian people aged 18 and older. Result(s): Most symptoms decreased significantly after the second dose when compared to symptoms seen at the first dose .In addition, both doses reduced symptoms significantly compared to the first dose.Interestingly, the desire to sleep appears to significantly increase the side effects again after both doses when compared to the second dose alone. The majority or nearly all of the participants (96.5%) had no infection after vaccination. Conclusion(s): Mild to moderate side effects are to be expected after the vaccination process because the body's immunomodulatory instructions can lead to negative symptoms. Symptoms include injection site soreness, fever, tiredness, headache, muscle aches, chills, and diarrhoea.. The majority or nearly all of the participants (96.5%) had no infection after vaccination. Training and continuing education are needed to improve universal vaccine acceptance and reduce frequency. Copyright © 2022 Assiut University. All rights reserved.